Elephants

Elephants are the animal species of the genus Loxodonta, 1 of 2 genera are still living in Elephantidae. Although commonly believed that the genus was named by Georges Cuvier in 1825, Cuvier spelled it Loxodonte. An unknown writer that became Loxodonta romanticize spelling and recognized by the ICZN.

Elephant doing a lot of movement in broad ranges, so using more than one type of habitat.
a. Swamp forest;
This forest type can be a prairie marsh, swamp forest, primary, or secondary swamp forest dominated by Gluta renghas, Campenosperma auriculata, C. Macrophylla, Alstonia spp, and Eugenia spp.
b. Peat swamp forests;
The types of vegetation in this forest type include: Gonystilus bancanus, Dyera costulata, Licuala spinosa, Shorea spp., Alstonia spp., And Eugenia spp.
c. Lowland forest;
That is the type of forest at an altitude of 0-750 m above sea level. The types of vegetation is the dominant species of the family Dipterocarpaceae.
d. Low mountain rain forest;
That is the type of forest at an altitude of 750-1500 m above sea level. The types of dominant vegetation is Altingia excelsa, Dipterocarpus spp., Shorea spp., Quercus spp., And Castanopsis spp.

Terms Life in Nature

1. Shade
Gajah Sumatra including warm-blooded animals so that if weather conditions are hot they will move to find shade (thermal cover) to stabilize its body temperature to conform to its environment. Places that are often used as shade and rest during the day is a dense forest vegetation
2. Food
Gajah Sumatra including herbivorous animals and thus require adequate availability of forage foods in their habitat. Elephants also require a vegetated habitat trees for food supplements to meet the needs of the mineral calcium to strengthen bones, teeth, and ivory. Because digestion is less than perfect, he takes food very much, that is 200-300 kg of biomass per day for each adult elephants or 5-10% of their body weight.
3. Water
Elephant including animals that rely heavily on water, so in the afternoon usually find the source of water for drinking, bathing and wallowing. Sumatran elephants need water to drink as much as 20-50 liters / day. When water resources drought, elephants can do digging water 50-100 cm deep in the basics of a dry river by using the front legs and trunk.
4. Mineral salt
Elephants also need mineral salts, such as: calcium, magnesium, and potassium. These salts are obtained by eating soil containing lumps of salt, ground menggemburkan hard rock with the front legs and tusks, and ate during rainy days or after rain.
5. Room or home ranges (home range)
Elephants are the largest land mammal that lived at this time, thus requiring a very large home ranges. Size of Asian elephants roaming the area varied between 32.4 to 166.9 km2. Units ranges elephant group in the primary forests have size two times larger than home ranges in secondary forests.
6. Security and comfort
Elephants also need a safe and comfortable atmosphere for mating behavior (breeding) was not disturbed and the process of reproduction may work well. Elephant including animals that are very sensitive to sounds. Therefore, the logging done by the company HPHA estimated to have been disturbing the security and comfort of elephants due to business activities with a high intensity and the use of heavy equipment in it.